INdebe yeHlabathi eQatar iyaqhubeka. Iimidlalo ezisibhozo eziphezulu sele zigqityiwe, ixesha laseBeijing ngokuhlwa kwe-9 kaDisemba, imidlalo yekota yokugqibela iza kuphinda idlalwe ukuze kutsalwe ingqalelo yabalandeli kwihlabathi liphela.
KwiNdebe yeHlabathi yalo nyaka, iqela lebhola ekhatywayo lamadoda aseTshayina alizange liye. Nangona kunjalo, “iqela elimele” lamalaphu aseTshayina liye, kwaye uluhlu lwabadlali lukhulu kakhulu. EQatar, uninzi lwamaqela athatha inxaxheba kwiflegi yesizwe, iijezi, iminqwazi, izihlangu kunye neekawusi, izikhafu, iibhegi zangasemva, izinto zokudlala zelaphu zemascot, njl.njl., ziimveliso zelaphu zaseTshayina.
Yintoni exhomekeke kuyo “iqela” lempahla zelaphu laseTshayina ukoyisa ukhuphiswano nokuqaqamba kwiNdebe yeHlabathi? Kwiminyhadala yamazwe ngamazwe, “iqela” lempahla zelaphu laseTshayina lihlala libonakala, ikamva liza kuhamba njani kakuhle “ukukhusela” indlela?
"Uhambo" oludumileyo
INdebe yeHlabathi eQatar iyaqhubeka.
Kungekudala emva kokuqala komqhudelwano, ezinye iiflegi zamaqela athatha inxaxheba zazingekho kwaye zinqongophele. I-Ltd. (ebizwa ngokuba yi-“Wandelong”) isebenze ixesha elongezelelekileyo ukwenza iiflegi ezingaphezu kwama-60,000 ezaziza kuphakanyiselwa eQatar ngokukhawuleza.
Kwasekuqaleni kwinqanaba lokuhlungela iNdebe yeHlabathi, iWandelong yaqala ukwenza iiflegi zeemoto kunye neeflegi zesandla zale Ndebe yeHlabathi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eli shishini livelise phantse iiflegi ezi-2 zezigidi ezahlukeneyo ezifana neeflegi zesizwe, iiflegi zentambo kunye neeflegi ezishukunyiswa ngesandla zale Ndebe yeHlabathi. “Ekupheleni kukaSeptemba kulo nyaka, inani elikhulu leeflegi lithunyelwe eQatar. Kodwa njengoko itumente iqhubeka, abathengi baya kufaka iiodolo nangaliphi na ixesha ngokwetumente, kwaye ixesha lokuhanjiswa kwezi odolo lifutshane.” Umphathi jikelele wenkampani uXiao Changai wazisa, “Umgca wemveliso wenkampani okwangoku ugcwele, kwaye imveliso yosuku olunye imalunga namacala angama-20,000.”
Impendulo ekhawulezileyo, ukunikezelwa okupheleleyo kunye nomsebenzi ogqwesileyo weenkampani zelaphu zaseTshayina kuye kwaqatshelwa ngabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. Ngenxa yokuhanjiswa ngexesha, ukuprintwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokukhawuleza kwemibala yeeflegi, iWandron iye yaba ngumthengisi oqeshwe kwiiklabhu ezininzi zebhola ekhatywayo nakwiitumente zebhola ekhatywayo zamazwe ngamazwe kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye ishishini leflegi yomdlalo lithatha ngaphezulu kwe-50% yeshishini lilonke leshishini. Ukususela kwiNdebe yeHlabathi ka-1998 eFransi, iWondrous inikezele ngeeflegi kwiiNdebe zeHlabathi ezisi-7 ezilandelelanayo.
EQatar, “impahla yelaphu yaseTshayina” “ikwakho” ngobuninzi kwiivenkile ezisemthethweni zeNdebe yeHlabathi. Iijezi ezininzi, izihlangu kunye neekawusi, iminqwazi, iibhegi zangasemva kunye nezinye iimveliso ezikhethekileyo, zivela kwi-“Made in China”.
I-Ltd. (ebizwa ngokuba yi-“DANAS”) ikhuphe ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-2 zeejezi zabalandeli beNdebe yeHlabathi yaseQatar. “Kwangoko ngoMatshi kulo nyaka, inkampani yaqala ukugcina yonke iNdebe yeHlabathi, kwane-odolo yomthengi omnye yeziqwenga ezingaphezu kwe-100,000. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto zanele, inkampani yandise indawo yayo yokugcina impahla kwaye yafikelela kwintsebenziswano neefektri ezisixhenxe eGuangdong naseGuangxi ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa kakuhle kweejezi zabalandeli.” Umsunguli wenkampani uWen Congmian uthe emva kokuba imidlalo yeNdebe yeHlabathi idlalwe ngokusesikweni, ukuthengiswa kweejezi zabalandeli kwamanye amazwe kudlule kakhulu kulindelo, kwaye abanye abathengi nabo bongeze ii-odolo.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba iDanaes ikwaphucule iijezi ngokwendlela ezikhethwa ngayo ngabalandeli. “Iijezi zabalandeli esizenzayo zisekelwe kweyokuqala kodwa zahlukile kweyokuqala, ngotshintsho kumbala nakwisitayile, emva koko kongezwa ezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo.” UWen Congmian uthathe ijezi yabalandeli basePortugal njengomzekelo wokwazisa ukuba uhlobo lokuqala lwejezi lwenziwe ngombala obomvu noluhlaza ukuze kwenziwe ukuvimba umbala ophezulu nosezantsi, kwaye ijezi ephuculweyo yenza ukuvimba umbala wasekhohlo nowasekunene ngelixa igcina isiseko sokudibanisa umbala wokuqala, kwaye yafaka izinto zeflegi yesizwe kuyo.
Emva kweenyanga ezintathu zokupholisha, zonke iisampulu zeejezi zabalandeli zamaqela angama-32 athathe inxaxheba zakhutshwa. UWen wathumela iisampulu kubathengi bamanye amazwe nganye nganye kwaye kungekudala wafumana impendulo eyakhayo. Xa omnye umthengi wabona iijezi zabalandeli baseBrazil naseArgentina, ngoko nangoko wagcina phantse iziqwenga ezingama-40,000.
Njengomnye wabathengisi abasemthethweni bezikhafu zabalandeli beNdebe yeHlabathi yaseQatar, amaqela angama-32 athatha inxaxheba, kukho amaqela angama-28 ezikhafu zabalandeli kunye nezikhafu eziveliswa yiZhejiang Hangzhou Strange Flower Computer Knitting Co. Umphathi wentengiso wenkampani uJiang Changhong wazisa, inkampani ekhethekileyo ekuveliseni iimveliso ezilukiweyo kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, iye yaba yiNdebe yeHlabathi, iiNtshatsheli zaseYurophu, i-English Premier League, iSerie A, iLa Liga kunye neminye imicimbi enika abathengisi bexesha elide.
Idolophu yaseZhenze, kwiSithili saseWujiang, kwiSixeko saseSuzhou, kwiPhondo laseJiangsu, kukho amashishini angaphezu kwama-30 avelisa izikhafu zentloko zase-Arabia kunye neemveliso ezixhasayo. Inkampani ebizwa ngokuba yiSunshine Clothing kwisithili ikhawuleze ukwenza izikhafu zentloko zase-Arabia ezingaphezu kwe-100,000, ezithunyelwe kutshanje eQatar. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kule nqwaba yezikhafu zentloko yi-100% yomqhaphu we-mercerized, isikhafu ngasinye sineekona ezine eziprintiweyo ngelogo ye-Qatar "yeNdebe yeHlabathi", kukho imibala emithandathu.
Ltd. ngaphezulu kwe-140 iilokhwe zokuthunga nazo zisebenza ngokupheleleyo ekwenzeni i-hijab. “Lo nyaka ngunyaka ongcono kakhulu wokuthengiswa kwezikhafu zama-Arabhu. Okwangoku, ii-odolo zemveliso yeshishini zicwangciselwe ukuya kwiNtwasahlobo yoMnyhadala. Kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwintengiso ye-50 yezigidi zeeyuan kunyaka wonke, ukunyuka okungaphezulu kwe-20% ngonyaka.” USheng Xinjiang, umongameli weWujiang District Hijab Textile Chamber of Commerce kunye nosihlalo we-Aulint Crafts Co., Ltd. wazise ukuba inkampani ngoku isebenzisana neYunivesithi yaseJiangnan ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yolawulo lwemveliso yokuluka ekrelekrele kunye nokwakha umzi-mveliso okrelekrele.
Iqela loxinzelelo lwetekhnoloji
Linamandla kangakanani “iqela” lempahla yelaphu laseTshayina?
Enyanisweni, kungekuphela nje kwiNdebe yeHlabathi, kodwa nakwiminyhadala emininzi yamazwe ngamazwe, kukho abadlali abadumileyo “beqela” leempahla zaseTshayina.
Isitshixo sesakhono "seqela elimeleyo" sisiseko semizi-mveliso esomeleleyo nesiqinileyo. Emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, ishishini lempahla laseTshayina likhulu, uthungelwano lokubonelela ngemixokelelwane yemizi-mveliso lugqibelele, abasebenzi banezakhono, umgangatho wemveliso ugqwesile, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuphuculwe kakhulu.
I-mascot yeNdebe yeHlabathi yaseQatar ethi “Raib” inomtsalane obonakalayo ovela kwisangqa. “Sinethamsanqa lokukhethwa kukhuphiswano lwehlabathi lwabavelisi abangaphezu kwama-30 ukuze sifumane imvume esemthethweni, enoxanduva loyilo kunye nokuveliswa kweethoyi ze-mascot plush, iibhegi zomqolo kunye nezinye izikhumbuzo ezisemthethweni.” (eza kubizwa ngokuba yi-“Che Che Culture”) umphathi jikelele uChen Leigang uthe, iChe Che Culture ifumene imvume ngempumelelo, engenakuhlukaniswa neenzuzo zoshishino lwempahla eDongguan, apho eli shishini likhoyo.
Kuyaqondakala ukuba iDongguan inamashishini okuvelisa amathoyizi angaphezu kwama-4,000, amashishini axhasayo aphantse abe yi-1,500 asezantsi naphezulu, lelona candelo likhulu lokuthumela amathoyizi ngaphandle kweli lizwe.
UChen Leigang uthe iDongguan inecandelo elipheleleyo lemizi-mveliso kunye nabasebenzi abanobuchule ekuveliseni amathoyizi, ukuhlangabezana nokuveliswa kwee-odolo ezinzima. Uninzi lweenkqubo zamathoyizi athambileyo e-“Laib” zenziwa ngezandla ngabasebenzi. Kwinkqubo yokuthunga ngesandla, abasebenzi bathunga iingxowa ezincinci ezizaliswe ngumqhaphu, baze bathunge ne-braid entlokweni ye-“Raib”.
Intatheli yeendaba ze-China Textile News ifumanise ukuba uninzi lwabasebenzi apha banamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-10 ekwenzeni amathoyizi. I-odolo yeNdebe yeHlabathi ingahanjiswa kakuhle, ngenxa yoku. “Amathoyizi e-mascot plush kwinkqubo yesibini yophuhliso, iinkampani ezithatha inxaxheba zivela eDongguan.” UChen Leigang uthe eli shishini lihanjiswe kwimarike yasekuhlaleni eQatar amakhulu amawaka eethoyizi ze-“Laib” plush, kuba i-“Laib” ithandwa kakhulu ngabalandeli, ii-odolo zamva nje nazo zinokunyuka.
Ngokwezibalo, "eyenziwe kwiYiwu" ithathe isabelo semarike yeempahla zeNdebe yeHlabathi yaseQatar esimalunga nama-70%.
Ngokwedatha ye-sky-eye ibonisa ukuba okwangoku kukho amashishini anxulumene nezixhobo zemidlalo angaphezu kwe-155,000 eYiwu, kwiPhondo laseZhejiang, apho amashishini amatsha abhalisiweyo angama-51,000 ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Okthobha kulo nyaka, izinga lokukhula kwenyanga eliphakathi liyi-42.6%. Idatha ikwabonisa ukuba, okwangoku, kukho amashishini anxulumene neshishini lebhola ekhatywayo amalunga ne-12,000 kuzwelonke, kwaye iYiwu inamashishini angaphezu kwamawaka abandakanyeka kushishino olunxulumene nebhola ekhatywayo. Kuyabonakala ukuba iYiwu inesabelo esikhulu semarike seempahla ngexesha leNdebe yeHlabathi eQatar, ayisiyongozi.
Izakhono zeR & D nazo "zenziwe kwiYiwu" ikhadi leshishini elibalulekileyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amashishini e-Yiwu textile ukuze aqinise uthotho lweshishini, kungekuphela nje ukukhulisa iimpawu zawo, ukuqinisa uyilo lwezicelo zeR & D zeepatenti, kodwa nangokuhambelana neemfuno zabalandeli abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukuyila iimveliso zokwandisa umsebenzisi. Ukusetyenziswa komsebenzi wokukhangela amalungelo obunikazi, kufunyenwe kuphela "isikhafu" kule candelo ngalinye, amashishini e-Yiwu okwangoku aneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepatenti ubuncinane ezili-1965.
Ukususela kwiminyaka yoo-1990, iZhenze Town, amashishini okuqala e-Arab headscarf ukususela oko yasungulwa, emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 yophuhliso, iZhenze Town, intengiso yeshishini le-Arab headscarf yayibalelwa kwi-70% yentengiso yelizwe lonke. Uhlalutyo lweSheng Xinjiang, isizathu semeko enjalo, kukho izizathu ezintathu eziphambili. Okokuqala, inani lamashishini afanayo kweli lizwe alidluli kuma-40, apho angama-31 agxile eWujiang. Okwesibini, emva kokusekwa kweWujiang District turban textile chamber of commerce, amashishini angama-31 ngokusebenzisa ukuthengwa kwezinto eziluhlaza ezihlanganisiweyo, inkqubo yamaxabiso okuthengisa imveliso, ukwenza ukuba ukuziphatha koshishino kube semgangathweni, kuphuculwe uphuhliso lweenzuzo. Okwesithathu, phantsi kwesikhokelo secandelo lezorhwebo le-district turban textile chamber of commerce, ishishini ngalinye liye landisa utyalo-mali kubuchwepheshe, lathatha indlela yetekhnoloji, lazenzela izinto ngokuzenzekelayo, laphuhlisa uphawu, lakhuthaza ishishini ukuze lifikelele kuphuhliso oluphezulu.
USheng Xinjiang uthe, “Uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso yezihlangu zentloko zase-Arab zaseZhenze luza kunika indima epheleleyo ekugxileni kwemizi-mveliso, ubuninzi betalente kunye nezinye izibonelelo, lukhawulezise isantya sokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kunye nokudala, kwaye luqhubeke nokucokisa ibhodi yegolide yemizi-mveliso eqhelekileyo yaseWujiang.”
Qhubeka "ukhusela isihloko"
"Iqela" leempahla zelaphu laseTshayina kwiminyhadala yamazwe ngamazwe livela rhoqo, kwaye lide liphinde "liphumelele phezulu".
Abantu baseTshayina abasebenzisa ilaphu nabo bacinga ukuba, “iqela” lelaphu laseTshayina lingayikhusela njani indlela? Eyona ndlela ibalulekileyo, kukuthatha ngokuqinileyo indlela “yobuchwephesha, yefashoni, eluhlaza” yophuhliso.
Kwinkxaso yehlabathi jikelele yoqoqosho olusebenzisa ikhabhoni ephantsi, ingcamango yokukhuselwa kwendalo okuluhlaza, isayensi kunye netekhnoloji yokuxhasa uphuhliso lweshishini lempahla elakhiwe eTshayina iye yaba yindlela ebalulekileyo.
Kwinjongo “yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini”, ishishini lempahla laseTshayina likhuthaza ngenkuthalo indlela eya kuphuhliso oluluhlaza. UMongameli we-China Textile Industry Federation uSun Rui Zhe uthe ishishini lempahla linamandla abalulekileyo ekwakheni indlela yophuhliso oluhambelanayo lwemveliso, ubomi kunye nobuhle bendalo. Njengelinye lamacandelo okuqala ezoshishino eTshayina ukubeka phambili injongo yokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni, ishishini lempahla liphambili kulawulo oluzinzileyo, ulondolozo lwamandla namanzi, uthintelo kunye nolawulo longcoliseko, ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwezixhobo, ukuveliswa kwezityalo eziluhlaza kunye nezinye izinto, kwaye lingumkhuthazi obalulekileyo wolawulo oluzinzileyo lwehlabathi. Eli shishini kufuneka lisebenzise ngenkuthalo ubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza, likhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo eziluhlaza, liphucule imigangatho eluhlaza kwaye liqhubeke nokukhuthaza utshintsho oluluhlaza kunye nezityalo eziphantsi kwikhonkco lemveliso.
KwiNdebe yeHlabathi yalo nyaka eQatar, iilaphu zaseTshayina zikwancede iQatar ukuba iqonde ingcamango yoluhlaza kunye netekhnoloji.
“EQatar, amaqela ali-13 angene enkundleni enxibe iijezi zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezenziwe sithi, ezenziwe nge-100% yefayibha ye-polyester evuselelekayo. Ukongeza, ezi jezi zintsha zineendawo eziphucukileyo zokufutha nokuphefumla emva kokuqokelela nokuqokelela idatha yabadlali, oko kuthetha ukuba abadlali banokupholiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwiindawo zomzimba wabo ezifuna ukupholiswa kakhulu.” Abathengisi beNike eTshayina baxelele iintatheli ukuba kukho inkqubo yetekhnoloji “yokusuka kwiibhotile zeplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo ukuya kwiijezi ezintsha”, kodwa izinga lokusetyenziswa langempela lalingekho phezulu ngokwaneleyo, kodwa ngoku yenziwe nge-100% ye-polyester evuselelekayo.
I-Che Che Culture yinkampani yenkcubeko nobuchule ezinikele kuyilo, uphuhliso, imveliso kunye nokuthengiswa kweemveliso ezinelayisenisi kwimidlalo emikhulu yezemidlalo. Inokuba ngumthengisi weemascot zeNdebe yeHlabathi, nto leyo eyimiphumo yeminyaka elishumi kaChen Leigang yokuzinikela okunzulu kushishino lwenkcubeko nobuchule. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha kunye noyilo oluphuculweyo, iqela lesibini loyilo elikhokelwa nguChen Leigang lenze iinguqulelo ezisixhenxe zeesampuli kwiinyanga ezimbini, ukusuka kwimo yendabuko yeedoli eziprintiweyo ezifakwe izinto ukuya kwiimveliso ezigqityiweyo ezimile okweempiko ezibhabhayo.
UChen Leigang ukwabalise ibali elincinci malunga no-“Laib”. “Kumsitho wokuvula, abaphulaphuli bonke banikwa imvulophu enkulu enodoli weglavu kaRaib, nayo eyenziwe sithi. Lowo yayingumsebenzi wexeshana owongezelelweyo kwikomiti yokulungiselela. Sifumene imfuno ngentsimbi yesi-5 emva kwemini, kwaye isampuli yenziwe ngentsimbi ye-11 emva kwemini Oku kubonisa ukubaluleka kophando nophuhliso lwenkampani kunye nobuchule bokuyila.” UChen Leigang ukholelwa ukuba ixabiso eliziswa ngokwenza imveliso yokucubungula imveliso lilinganiselwe, uphando nophuhliso oluyilwe kuphela olunokuzisa amandla ahlala ixesha elide kwishishini.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-10-2022
